The bridge between these two schools of thought is . Modern science has proven that many animals—not just mammals, but birds, cephalopods (like octopuses), and even some insects—possess the capacity to feel pain, joy, and boredom.
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Rights theorists argue that the capacity to experience pleasure, pain, fear, and joy (sentience) grants an organism the right to not be treated as a means to an end. The bridge between these two schools of thought is
: Prevention through rapid diagnosis and treatment. : Prevention through rapid diagnosis and treatment
Issues include the use of gestation crates for pigs, battery cages for egg-laying hens, and the practice of tail-docking or debeaking without anesthesia.
The welfare movement will continue to make the short-term lives of animals better. The rights movement will continue to push the long-term goal of ending ownership.