If you are currently staring at a browser tab with g.co/verifyaccount loaded, follow this workflow exactly.
7-4-9-8-2.
Attempting to change critical security settings like your password or recovery email. Step-by-Step: How to Safely Verify Your Google Account
Logging in from a computer, phone, or location that Google doesn't recognize [16].
Verifying that you are the actual owner requesting a password change.